DSpace Collection:https://hdl.handle.net/2440/58742024-03-29T00:29:42Z2024-03-29T00:29:42ZUrine congophilia associated with preeclampsia does not persist 6-months postpartumHofstee, P.Lum, J.S.Chow, Y.Y.Wittwer, M.R.Arstall, M.Dekker, G.Clifton, V.L.Wright, I.M.Kelly, M.A.Ecroyd, H.https://hdl.handle.net/2440/1404292024-02-27T02:49:30Z2024-01-01T00:00:00ZTitle: Urine congophilia associated with preeclampsia does not persist 6-months postpartum
Author: Hofstee, P.; Lum, J.S.; Chow, Y.Y.; Wittwer, M.R.; Arstall, M.; Dekker, G.; Clifton, V.L.; Wright, I.M.; Kelly, M.A.; Ecroyd, H.
Abstract: Introduction: Preeclampsia is a common hypertensive disorder of pregnancy. Several studies have demonstrated that protein aggregates, detected through urine congophilia, is associated with preeclampsia; however, it has yet to be investigated whether urine congophilia remains postpartum in these women. In this study, we aimed to augment prior studies and determine whether urine congophilia is present postpartum. Methods: Women were recruited from Lyell McEwin Hospital, South Australia. Urine samples were collected during pregnancy and 6-months postpartum from women with non-preeclampsia pregnancies (n = 48) and women with pregnancies complicated by preeclampsia (n = 42). A Congo Red Dot blot test, total protein and creatinine levels from urine, as well as serum Soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase 1 to placental growth factor ratio (sFlt-1:PlGF), were assessed and correlated. Results: Preeclamptic women exhibited increased urine congophilia (P < 0.01), sFlt-1:PlGF ratio (P < 0.0001) and total protein (P < 0.01) during pregnancy; with a positive correlation between urine congophilia and total protein across the entire cohort (P < 0.0001). Although urine congophilia was no longer detected 6-months postpartum in preeclamptic women, total protein remained elevated (P < 0.05). sFlt-1:PlGF ratio during pregnancy was positively correlated with congophilia across the cohort (P = 0.0007). Serum creatinine was also higher in preeclamptic women during pregnancy (P < 0.001). Discussion: These results support that urine congophilia is significantly elevated in pregnancies complicated with preeclampsia and show that it does not continue postpartum, although larger cohort studies are needed to determine its feasibility as a diagnostic marker.2024-01-01T00:00:00ZMultiomic analysis implicates nuclear hormone receptor signalling in clustering epilepsyde Nys, R.van Eyk, C.L.Ritchie, T.Møller, R.S.Scheffer, I.E.Marini, C.Bhattacharjee, R.Kumar, R.Gecz, J.https://hdl.handle.net/2440/1404142024-02-27T02:40:12Z2024-01-01T00:00:00ZTitle: Multiomic analysis implicates nuclear hormone receptor signalling in clustering epilepsy
Author: de Nys, R.; van Eyk, C.L.; Ritchie, T.; Møller, R.S.; Scheffer, I.E.; Marini, C.; Bhattacharjee, R.; Kumar, R.; Gecz, J.
Abstract: Clustering Epilepsy (CE) is an epileptic disorder with neurological comorbidities caused by heterozygous variants of the X chromosome gene Protocadherin 19 (PCDH19). Recent studies have implicated dysregulation of the Nuclear Hormone Receptor (NHR) pathway in CE pathogenesis. To obtain a comprehensive overview of the impact and mechanisms of loss of PCDH19 function in CE pathogenesis, we have performed epigenomic, transcriptomic and proteomic analysis of CE relevant models. Our studies identified differential regulation and expression of Androgen Receptor (AR) and its targets in CE patient skin fibroblasts. Furthermore, our cell culture assays revealed the repression of PCDH19 expression mediated through ERα and the co-regulator FOXA1. We also identified a protein-protein interaction between PCDH19 and AR, expanding upon the intrinsic link between PCDH19 and the NHR pathway. Together, these results point to a novel mechanism of NHR signaling in the pathogenesis of CE that can be explored for potential therapeutic options.2024-01-01T00:00:00ZAssessing the influence of preconception diet on male fertility: a systematic scoping reviewTully, C.A.Alesi, S.McPherson, N.O.Sharkey, D.J.Teong, X.T.Tay, C.T.Silva, T.R.Puglisi, C.Barsby, J.P.Moran, L.J.Grieger, J.A.Mousa, A.https://hdl.handle.net/2440/1404012024-03-11T05:14:56Z2024-01-01T00:00:00ZTitle: Assessing the influence of preconception diet on male fertility: a systematic scoping review
Author: Tully, C.A.; Alesi, S.; McPherson, N.O.; Sharkey, D.J.; Teong, X.T.; Tay, C.T.; Silva, T.R.; Puglisi, C.; Barsby, J.P.; Moran, L.J.; Grieger, J.A.; Mousa, A.
Abstract: BACKGROUND: The last decade has seen increased research on the relationship between diet and male fertility, but there are no clearly defined nutritional recommendations for men in the preconception period to support clinical fertility outcomes. OBJECTIVE AND RATIONALE: The purpose of this scoping review is to examine the extent and range of research undertaken to evaluate the effect(s) of diet in the preconception period on male clinical fertility and reproductive outcomes. SEARCH METHODS: Four electronic databases (MEDLINE and EMBASE via Ovid, CAB Direct, and CINAHL via EBSCO) were searched from inception to July 2023 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies (prospective/retrospective, case–control, and cross-sectional). Intervention studies in male participants or couples aiming to achieve dietary or nutritional change, or non-intervention studies examining dietary or nutritional components (whole diets, dietary patterns, food groups or individual foods) in the preconception period were included. Controls were defined as any comparison group for RCTs, and any/no comparison for observational studies. Primary outcomes of interest included the effect(s) of male preconception diet on clinical outcomes such as conception (natural or via ART), pregnancy rates and live birth rates. Secondary outcomes included time to conception and sperm parameters. OUTCOMES: A total of 37 studies were eligible, including one RCT and 36 observational studies (prospective, cross-sectional, and case–control studies; four studies in non-ART populations) published between 2008 and 2023. Eight reported clinical outcomes, 26 reported on secondary outcomes, and three reported on both. The RCT did not assess clinical outcomes but found that tomato juice may benefit sperm motility. In observational studies, some evidence suggested that increasing fish or reducing sugar-sweetened beverages, processed meat or total fat may improve fecundability. Evidence for other clinical outcomes, such as pregnancy rates or live birth rates, showed no relationship with cereals, soy and dairy, and inconsistent relationships with consuming red meat or a ‘healthy diet’ pattern. For improved sperm parameters, limited evidence supported increasing fish, fats/fatty acids, carbohydrates and dairy, and reducing processed meat, while the evidence for fruits, vegetables, cereals, legumes, eggs, red meat and protein was inconsistent. Healthy diet patterns in general were shown to improve sperm health. WIDER IMPLICATIONS: Specific dietary recommendations for improving male fertility are precluded by the lack of reporting on clinical pregnancy outcomes, heterogeneity of the available literature and the paucity of RCTs to determine causation or to rule out reverse causation. There may be some benefit from increasing fish, adopting a healthy dietary pattern, and reducing consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages and processed meat, but it is unclear whether these benefits extend beyond sperm parameters to improve clinical fertility. More studies exploring whole diets rather than singular foods or nutritional components in the context of male fertility are encouraged, particularly by means of RCTs where feasible. Further assessment of core fertility outcomes is warranted and requires careful planning in high-quality prospective studies and RCTs. These studies can lay the groundwork for targeted dietary guidelines and enhance the prospects of successful fertility outcomes for men in the preconception period. Systematic search of preconception diet suggests that increasing fish and reducing sugary drinks, processed meats and total fat may improve male fertility, while consuming healthy diets, fish, fats/fatty acids, carbohydrates and dairy and reducing processed meat can improve sperm health.
Description: OnlinePubl2024-01-01T00:00:00ZThe impact of maternal asthma on the fetal lung: Outcomes, mechanisms and interventionsRobinson, J.L.Gatford, K.L.Clifton, V.L.Morrison, J.L.Stark, M.J.https://hdl.handle.net/2440/1404002024-02-09T04:18:01Z2023-01-01T00:00:00ZTitle: The impact of maternal asthma on the fetal lung: Outcomes, mechanisms and interventions
Author: Robinson, J.L.; Gatford, K.L.; Clifton, V.L.; Morrison, J.L.; Stark, M.J.
Abstract: Maternal asthma affects up to 17% of pregnancies and is associated with adverse infant, childhood, and adult respiratory outcomes, including increased risks of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome, childhood wheeze and asthma. In addition to genetics, these poor outcomes are likely due to the mediating influence of maternal asthma on the in-utero environment, altering fetal lung and immune development and predisposing the offspring to later lung disease. Maternal asthma may impair glucocorticoid signalling in the fetus, a process critical for lung maturation, and increase fetal exposure to proinflammatory cytokines. Therefore, interventions to control maternal asthma, increase glucocorticoid signalling in the fetal lung, or Vitamin A, C, and D supplementation to improve alveologenesis and surfactant production may be beneficial for later lung function. This review highlights potential mechanisms underlying maternal asthma and offspring respiratory morbidities and describes how pregnancy interventions can promote optimal fetal lung development in babies of asthmatic mothers.
Description: OnlinePubl2023-01-01T00:00:00Z