Influence of surface roughness and shape on microdamage of the osseous surface adjacent to titanium dental implants

Abstract

Objectives: To assess the relationship between smooth and roughened implant surfaces of straight and narrow configurations with respect to microdamage of the bone surface during placement of dental implants Materials and methods: Straight and tapered, rough and smooth surface Nobel Biocare implants were placed into sheep mandibles. Microdamage within the bone adjacent to the implant surface was quantitated using a semi-automated digitized histomorphometric method. Results: Independent of implant type, microdamage, microcracks, cross-hatch damage and diffuse damage were significantly higher close to the implants compared with far from the implants. Microcracks and cross-hatch damage were higher for the rough cylindrical implants than all the other implant types. Conclusions: Insertion of a rough cylindrical implant type results in an increased fraction of microdamaged bone matrix in comparison to rough tapered, smooth cylindrical and smooth tapered implants.