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https://hdl.handle.net/2440/73924
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Type: | Journal article |
Title: | The Escherichia coli subtilase cytotoxin A subunit specifically cleaves cell-surface GRP78 protein and abolishes COOH-terminal-dependent signaling |
Author: | Ray, R. de Ridder, G. Eu, J. Paton, A. Paton, J. Pizzo, S. |
Citation: | Journal of Biological Chemistry, 2012; 287(39):32755-32769 |
Publisher: | Amer Soc Biochemistry Molecular Biology Inc |
Issue Date: | 2012 |
ISSN: | 0021-9258 1083-351X |
Statement of Responsibility: | Rupa Ray, Gustaaf G. de Ridder, Jerry P. Eu, Adrienne W. Paton, James C. Paton and Salvatore V. Pizzo |
Abstract: | GRP78, a molecular chaperone with critical endoplasmic reticulum functions, is aberrantly expressed on the surface of cancer cells, including prostate and melanoma. Here it functions as a pro-proliferative and anti-apoptotic signaling receptor via NH2-terminal domain ligation. Auto-antibodies to this domain may appear in cancer patient serum where they are a poor prognostic indicator. Conversely, GRP78 COOH-terminal domain ligation is pro-apoptotic and anti-proliferative. There is no method to disrupt cell-surface GRP78 without compromising the total GRP78 pool, making it difficult to study cell-surface GRP78 function. We studied six cell lines representing three cancer types. One cell line per group expresses high levels of cell-surface GRP78, and the other expresses low levels (human hepatoma: Hep3B and HepG2; human prostate cancer: PC3 and 1-LN; murine melanoma: B16F0 and B16F1). We investigated the effect of Escherichia coli subtilase cytoxin catalytic subunit (SubA) on GRP78. We report that SubA specifically cleaves cell-surface GRP78 on HepG2, 1-LN, and B16F1 cells without affecting intracellular GRP78. B16F0 cells (GRP78low) have lower amounts of cleaved cell-surface GRP78. SubA has no effect on Hep3B and PC3 cells. The predicted 28-kDa GRP78 COOH-terminal fragment is released into the culture medium by SubA treatment, and COOH-terminal domain signal transduction is abrogated, whereas pro-proliferative signaling mediated through NH2-terminal domain ligation is unaffected. These experiments clarify cell-surface GRP78 topology and demonstrate that the COOH-terminal domain is necessary for pro-apoptotic signal transduction occurring upon COOH-terminal antibody ligation. SubA is a powerful tool to specifically probe the functions of cell-surface GRP78. |
Keywords: | Animals Humans Mice Escherichia coli Melanoma Prostatic Neoplasms Subtilisins Escherichia coli Proteins Heat-Shock Proteins Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled Antibodies, Neoplasm Autoantibodies Signal Transduction Catalytic Domain Male Hep G2 Cells Proteolysis |
Rights: | © 2012 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc. |
DOI: | 10.1074/jbc.M112.399808 |
Published version: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.m112.399808 |
Appears in Collections: | Aurora harvest 4 Microbiology and Immunology publications |
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