Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://hdl.handle.net/2440/85702
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Type: Journal article
Title: Higher levels of multiple paternities increase seedling survival in the long-lived tree eucalyptus gracilis
Author: Breed, M.
Christmas, M.
Lowe, A.
Citation: PLoS One, 2014; 9(2):e90478-1-e90478-9
Publisher: Public Library of Science
Issue Date: 2014
ISSN: 1932-6203
1932-6203
Editor: Vendramin, G.G.
Statement of
Responsibility: 
Martin F. Breed, Matthew J. Christmas, Andrew J. Lowe
Abstract: Studying associations between mating system parameters and fitness in natural populations of trees advances our understanding of how local environments affect seed quality, and thereby helps to predict when inbreeding or multiple paternities should impact on fitness. Indeed, for species that demonstrate inbreeding avoidance, multiple paternities (i.e. the number of male parents per half-sib family) should still vary and regulate fitness more than inbreeding – named here as the ‘constrained inbreeding hypothesis’. We test this hypothesis in Eucalyptus gracilis, a predominantly insect-pollinated tree. Fifty-eight open-pollinated progeny arrays were collected from trees in three populations. Progeny were planted in a reciprocal transplant trial. Fitness was measured by family establishment rates. We genotyped all trees and their progeny at eight microsatellite loci. Planting site had a strong effect on fitness, but seed provenance and seed provenance × planting site did not. Populations had comparable mating system parameters and were generally outcrossed, experienced low biparental inbreeding and high levels of multiple paternity. As predicted, seed families that had more multiple paternities also had higher fitness, and no fitness-inbreeding correlations were detected. Demonstrating that fitness was most affected by multiple paternities rather than inbreeding, we provide evidence supporting the constrained inbreeding hypothesis; i.e. that multiple paternity may impact on fitness over and above that of inbreeding, particularly for preferentially outcrossing trees at life stages beyond seed development.
Keywords: Eucalyptus
Seeds
Trees
Inbreeding
Genetics, Population
Ecosystem
Microsatellite Repeats
Reproduction
Gene Frequency
Genotype
Geography
Models, Genetic
Australia
Pollination
Genetic Variation
Genetic Fitness
Seedlings
Rights: © 2014 Breed et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0090478
Grant ID: LP110200805
Published version: http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0090478
Appears in Collections:Aurora harvest 2
Ecology, Evolution and Landscape Science publications

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