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https://hdl.handle.net/2440/92161
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Type: | Journal article |
Title: | Determination of the optimal ratio of linoleic acid to α-linolenic acid in infant formulas |
Other Titles: | Determination of the optimal ratio of linoleic acid to alpha-linolenic acid in infant formulas |
Author: | Clark, K.J. Makrides, M. Neumann, M.A. Gibson, R.A. |
Citation: | Journal of Pediatrics, 1992; 120(4 (Part 2)):S151-S158 |
Publisher: | Elsevier |
Issue Date: | 1992 |
ISSN: | 0022-3476 1097-6833 |
Statement of Responsibility: | Kristin J. Clark, Maria Makrides, Mark A. Neumann, Robert A. Gibson |
Abstract: | The fatty acid composition of erythrocyte total lipids taken from a group of term infants 10 weeks after being fed a commercial infant formula with a high ratio of linoleic acid (18:2n-6) (LA) to alpha-linolenic acid (18:3n-3) (ALA) (19:1; LA, 14%; ALA, 0.7%; group A, n = 10) was compared with the fatty acid composition of erythrocytes from infants fed formulas that contained LA/ALA ratios reduced by either increasing ALA (4:1; LA, 13%; ALA, 3.3%; group B, n = 11) or decreasing LA (3:1; LA, 3.5%; ALA, 1.1%; group C, n = 8). Results were compared with those in an age-controlled group (n = 9) of breast-fed infants. Decreasing the LA/ALA ratio increased n-3 C20 and C22 fatty acid incorporation (formula B = 8.98% +/- 0.65%; formula C = 9.30% +/- 0.95%) relative to formula A (5.97% +/- 0.76%; p less than 0.05). Although docosahexaenoic acid (22:6n-3) (DHA) incorporation was highest in infants fed formulas B and C (4.78% +/- 0.45% and 4.48% +/- 0.49%, respectively) relative to formula A (3.47% +/- 0.46%; p less than 0.05), it did not reach levels found in breast-fed infants (6.55% +/- 1.23%; p less than 0.05). In addition, levels of arachidonic acid (20:4n-6) (AA) were lower in all formula-fed groups (p less than 0.05) relative to those in breast-fed infants. Based on some equations, it is predicted that AA levels in tissues of infants fed lower LA/ALA ratios would be reduced even further. Because both AA and DHA are probably essential for normal neural development of the infant, formulas with LA/ALA ratios below 4:1 are likely to result in fatty acid profiles notably different from those of breast-fed infants. |
Keywords: | alpha-Linolenic Acid Docosahexaenoic Acids Fatty Acids Arachidonic Acid Linoleic Acid Linolenic Acids Breast Feeding Infant, Newborn Infant Food |
Description: | Presented in part at a satellite meeting entitled "Neurobiology of Essential Fatty Acid" to the Thirteenth Meeting of the International Society for Neurochemistry, Cairns, Australia, July 10-12, 1991. |
Rights: | © 1992 Published by Mosby, Inc. |
DOI: | 10.1016/S0022-3476(05)81250-8 |
Published version: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0022-3476(05)81250-8 |
Appears in Collections: | Aurora harvest 7 Paediatrics publications |
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