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https://hdl.handle.net/2440/60575
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Type: | Journal article |
Title: | Calcium requirement of wheat in saline and non-saline conditions |
Author: | Genc, Y. Tester, M. McDonald, G. |
Citation: | Plant and Soil: international journal on plant-soil relationships, 2010; 327(1):331-345 |
Publisher: | Kluwer Academic Publ |
Issue Date: | 2010 |
ISSN: | 0032-079X 1573-5036 |
Statement of Responsibility: | Y. Genc, M. Tester and G.K. McDonald |
Abstract: | Supplemental calcium (Ca2+) is used in hydroponic studies on salinity to lessen the potential for Ca2+ deficiency. However, the Ca2+ concentration and the sodium (Na+): Ca2+ ratio used vary considerably. The implications of using a wide range of Na+: Ca2+ ratios for studies of salinity tolerance in wheat are not known. Also, despite the risk of development of Ca2+ deficiency under salinity stress, there are few reliable reports on the critical level of Ca2+ which can be used to diagnose Ca2+ deficiency in wheat. Two experiments were conducted to examine Ca2+ requirements of wheat under saline and non-saline conditions and to derive a critical level for Ca2+. Four bread wheat genotypes (Triticum aestivum L.) and a durum wheat genotype [Triticum turgidum subsp. durum) (Desf.) Husn.] with known differences in salinity tolerance were grown at 100 mM NaCl for four weeks with varying levels of external Ca2+ which resulted in Na+:Ca2+ ratios of 30, 20, 15, 5 and 2. The critical Ca2+ concentration was defined in a second experiment by growing the same wheat genotypes at seven levels of Ca2+ (0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.5, 1, 2 and 10 mM) under non-saline conditions. When grown at 100 mM NaCl salinity tolerance was greatest when the Na+:Ca2+ ratio ranged from 5 to 15. Growing plants at lower or higher Na+:Ca2+ ratios induced nutrient imbalances and additional osmotic stress which reduced the growth of plants. Transient Ca2+ deficiency occurred at high Na+:Ca2+ ratios and low Mg2+ occurred at the lowest Na+:Ca2+ ratio. Adding NaCl raised the tissue Na+ concentration and reduced the Ca2+ concentration and the most appropriate Na+:Ca2+ ratio in the solution was that which resulted in tissue Ca2+ concentrations similar to those of non-salinised plants. The critical level of Ca2+ in the youngest fully emerged leaf blades was 15–23 mmol kg-1 DW (600–900 mg kg-1 DW). |
Keywords: | Critical deficiency concentration Na⁺:Ca²⁺ ratio Salinity Salinity tolerance Wheat |
Rights: | © Springer Science + Business Media B.V. 2009 |
DOI: | 10.1007/s11104-009-0057-3 |
Grant ID: | ARC |
Published version: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11104-009-0057-3 |
Appears in Collections: | Agriculture, Food and Wine publications Aurora harvest 5 |
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